11,019 Matching Annotations
  1. Last 7 days
    1. including top oil and gas producers like Saudi Arabia and the US, acknowledged the need to phase down fossil fuels.

      ||Andrej|| It was mentioned during dinner in Abu Dhabi. Shoudl we follow with research on this aspect? Any idea?

    2. “With no real money on the table, and vague and unaccountable promises of funds to be mobilised, they are trying to shirk their climate finance obligations,” he added, explaining that “poor countries needed to see clear, grant-based, climate finance” which “was sorely lacking”.

      I disagree because they did no take into account info XYZ

    3. of $1.3 trillion annually by 2035 was adopted

      @minam Could you check this info.

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  2. Nov 2024
    1. The shift in Meta’s and Anthropic’s policies toward military uses of AI is momentous. Lately AI has become a battlefield staple in the form of weaponized drones, and AI companies must take care that their new policies are consistent with upholding human rights. Military uses for AI include not only weapons development and targeting but also potentially life-saving search and rescue, logistics, intelligence, and communications. Moreover, defense contracts represent major opportunities for AI companies that can fund widely beneficial research and applications.

      ||MariliaM|| Hi Marilia, here is an interesting text on militarisation of AI industry. It could be a good input in your research on AI-aspects of interplay between economy and security.

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    1. strongly encourage American tech companies to build their largest and most advanced facilities in the United States.

      Hessa, does it mean that USA companies will be encouraged not to invest into ai facilities in the UAE?

      It may.

    2. the weights of frontier models (the parameters that encode the core intelligence of an AI system).

      Sorina, what are weights?

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    1. Zelenskyy said in his evening address to Ukrainians.

      Andrej, let me know what are our courses on use weapons.

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    1. each AI system ethical performance can be assessed from the very outset.

      ||sorina|| Is this similar to French policui on AI?

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    1. There is clearly a tendency for ideological fundamentalists to present the world as a struggle between good and evil, in which mutual understanding and pragmatism are demonized as a betrayal of sacred values. 

      Core of diplomacy

    2. “We have built a foreign policy of hectoring and moralizing and lecturing countries that don’t want anything to do with it.

      Good point

    3. If the US can accept a more modest role in the international system as one among many great powers, the president elect could embrace a more moderate economic nationalism that would have a greater prospect of succeeding.

      Will he try to break China?

    4. Globalization gave birth to a political class loyal to international capital without national loyalties, and accountability to the public disappeared. Globalization often contradicts democracy, and there is a growing division between illiberal democracy versus undemocratic liberalism.

      This is situation in Serbia.

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  3. Oct 2024
    1. Developers are continuously iterating on their prompts so that their applications achieve more desirable outputs from the LLMs they are calling.

      Is this solution?

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    1. Vector databases treat embeddings as independent data, divorced from the source data from which embeddings are created, rather than what they truly are: derived data. By treating embeddings as independent data, we’ve created unnecessary complexity for ourselves.

      key paragrpah

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    1. This text provides a good summary of LLMs.

    2. hatGPT has empowered current AI algorithms to achieveunprecedented levels of strength and effectiveness, reshaping the way humans employ or develop AI algorithms.Its emergence has captured the attention of the research community.

      What is ChatGPT

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    1. UNGA79 and the ‘Pact for the Future’

      It is very AI written.

    2. The ink on the Pact for the Future was barely dry

      cliche

    3. a global handshake

      cliche

    4. for the unpredictable rhythms of modernity.

      Very AI

    5. The ‘Pact for the Future,’ adopted at the Summit of the Future on 22 September 2024, sets out an ambitious agenda to address climate change, digital transformation, and peace while fostering agile global governance. 

      There is no reference to AI governance in the first paragraph.

    6. Gold has soared to a record high of $2,629 per ounce following the US Federal Reserve’s recent interest rate cut.

      What is the connection with Internet economy?

    7. AI models, including ChatGPT and Cohere, once depended on low-cost workers for basic fact-checking. Today, these models require human trainers with specialised knowledge in medicine, finance, and quantum physics. 

      This could have been more precise, something like...

      From basic fact-checking, AI models, including ChatGPT and Cohere, are shifting towards using more specialised knowledge in fields such as medicine, finance, and quantum physics.

    8. While South Korean memory giants Samsung Electronics and SK hynix experienced a significant sales increase in China during the first half of this year, the report by the Korea Eximbank Overseas Economic Research Institute indicates that South Korea’s reliance on China for critical semiconductor raw materials is also growing.

      Repeating the same point in two parts of the sentence. Probably keep the second part as sufficient.

    9. a lighthouse – navigating

      typical ChatGPT words.

    10. Moscow’s efforts have focused on supporting Donald Trump and undermining Kamala Harris.

      In controversial points. Always indicate whenever you can to the source. Accoridng to... Moscow's efforts....

      Or if you do not have resources indicate. Some commentators argue that....

    11. to leap from the past into an uncertain, but ambitious, tomorrow.

      It is very ChatGPT

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    1. was lost due to the absence of recordings, transcripts, or even note taking.

      ||sorina|| Sorina, was this the case? What do we have as record of GDC process?

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  4. Sep 2024
    1. Everyone makes hundreds of decisions a day, but most of the time they aren’t conscious of the decisions they are making.

      Will and choices

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    1. The first is the geostrategic importance of technology – in particular data consuming and content producing technologies (which explains why the US has been so keen to limit the power of China’s TikTok).

      One of geopolitial aspects.

    2. I suspect for instance there will be a lot more civil and corporate legal cases to establish the ownership of data-sets and the access to them by AI engines, as is the case between the New York Times and OpenAI.

      copyright over data will come in the focus.

    3. technology weighs on many public policy debates now – such as the access to mobile phones in schools, the demands that data centres place on electricity grids and the TikTok-ification of politics.

      techdiplomacy Technology is in the center of many public policy debates. Thus, it is not surprising that it is getting into conflict with political elites worldwide especially when their interests conflict.

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    1. Productive stupidity means being ignorant by choice. Focusing on important questions puts us in the awkward position of being ignorant. One of the beautiful things about science is that it allows us to bumble along, getting it wrong time after time, and feel perfectly fine as long as we learn something each time. No doubt, this can be difficult for students who are accustomed to getting the answers right. No doubt, reasonable levels of confidence and emotional resilience help, but I think scientific education might do more to ease what is a very big transition: from learning what other people once discovered to making your own discoveries. The more comfortable we become with being stupid, the deeper we will wade into the unknown and the more likely we are to make big discoveries.

      Why it could be useful to be stupid sometimes.

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    1. Like other comments, I was also initially surprised. But I think the gains are both real and easy to understand where the improvements are coming from.

      Is Reflecitons 70B model built on Llama a solution for our fine-tuning of models?

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    1. Chain-of-Thought and Self-Reflection are also very simple, and this was built with a SYNTHETIC dataset. Can you imagine if we used people to carefully curate a much better dataset? If we experimented with other forms of CoT, self-reflection, multi-agent reasoning, etc? There are so many things to try, and you don't have to be at OpenAI to try them!

      A good idea for development of models.

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    1. Imagine a text chunk including a sentence like “Donald Trump says that there should be a wall on the southern border of the US.” The meaning of this sentence could not be understood unless one knows the broader context—such as if Donald Trump was incumbent when he made such a statement. If he was, then the sentence probably conveyed the official stance of the US at that time; otherwise, it would be Mr. Trump’s personal stance. The Manager argued that an RM model—such as the one used by the lab at that time—only conducted semantic searches and could not capture context beyond the text chunk; it might mistake official country stances, retrieve the wrong paragraphs for the chatbot, and lead the user to believe in wrongful answers.

      Why context matters?

    2. The way that the AI reporting system should transform information into knowledge now includes comparing current knowledge to historical knowledge,

      Comparing current and historical knowledge.

    3. It turned out that, to her, the most valuable information would not be what was said this year but what was said this year that was different from all previous years.

      One of the key aspects in diplomacy is not what is said but how it is different from what was said last year.

    4. The AI lab brought in a linguist, who broke down conversations into questions and answers; the linguist taught the AI lab various question types one could pose in a conversation and ways to detect which type they were (rhetorical, open, etc.). The next step was to understand the answers; the AI lab consulted a debater who framed responses in terms of arguments, which were then understood as key points with corresponding supporting facts. Taking in these lessons, the AI lab instructed the reporting system to take each speaker’s paragraphs from a transcript, extract key points and supporting evidence, and present a session summary in this format.

      How we deal with the text beyond technology.

    5. The course team prepares various courses that the Foundation delivers to diplomats or higher-education students. The reporting team takes care of the daily monitoring and updating of digital news and global policy trends on the Foundation’s website; it is also the team that used to provide live coverage of major international events, such as the UN General Assembly (UNGA) and Internet Governance Forum (IGF). The creative lab designs social media campaigns and visuals for all published material. The tech team manages the technical infrastructure, from websites to internal tools and applications, that allows the Foundation to function.

      A good summary of Diplo's organisation.

    6. AI models are not merely machines that solve our problems; they are our imagination of the world and its problems; they are our respective worldviews, personalities, ambitions, and desires reformulated, reconfigured, and translated into codes.

      Key paragraph.

    7. In the Director’s envisioned knowledge management system, the technology product must not be a mere standalone tool but a part of a workflow that processes information

      Process - not application.

    8. The AI reporting system takes an audio-visual recording of a session, transcribes all speakers’ speeches via a transcription model (TM), and then generates summaries of various formats and knowledge graphs based on the transcripts via several summarization models (SMs) and a knowledge-graph generating model (KGGM).

      Good summary of reporting model.

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    1. We recognize the importance of  continuing to pursue governance reforms

      This is wrnog formulation which already failed sereral of times.

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  5. Aug 2024
    1. Trade provides another example of the failure of multilateral negotiations (Action 5). The WTO (which has replaced UN Trade and Development, or UNCTAD, in this function) has rules that are being willfully ignored. The US has knee-capped the dispute mechanism by refusing to allow the appointment of judges; the world’s largest exporter, China, continues to claim developing-country status and hides information on its trade policies. Global trade negotiations began in 2001 in Doha and died in 2015. Determined multilateralists are calling for WTO reform but there is no sign that the changes will happen. There are echoes here of the ill-fated efforts to change the Security Council.

      Why trade negotiations is failing?

    2. But the COPs have been singularly ineffective for several reasons. One is the UN secretariat’s timidity. It has been far too indulgent to member states in allowing voluntary national targets to reduce carbon emissions. It has permitted petro-states to host COP meetings, like the United Arab Emirates last year and Azerbaijan this year, and it has failed to counter the advocacy by oil and gas interests. Progress is measured by slight adjustments of language in its outcome statements while downplaying actual outcomes in CO2 emissions.

      Why COPs are failing in climate change action?

    3. the First UN of member states — and particularly the veto wielding P3 of Russia, China and the United States — and the Second UN of secretariats.

      Two main obstacles for the reform of the UN.

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  6. Jul 2024
    1. Respect for human rights, self-determination, territorial integrity, freedom of navigation, democratic governance, free movement of goods, economic openness etc. are important values that may be invoked by a court to assist it in the interpretation of legal rules but they are not rules of law as commonly understood.

      Here are rules of rules based order.

    2. the narrow positivist perception of international law to include soft law, including the standards and recommendations of international standard-setting organizationsFootnote 17 and conferences and rules made by non-state actors.

      ||sorina|| It is a good text which makes difference between 'rules-based order' and international law.

    1. Linguistic research had identified 80,000 “noun synonym sets”, or synsets: groups of synonyms that described the same sort of thing.

      ||Andrej||||Andrej|| How can we find this 'noun synonym sets'

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    1. calls the tech giant’s models “open weights”, rather than open source.

      ||JovanNj||||anjadjATdiplomacy.edu|| What is the difference between 'open weight' and 'open source'

    2. On one side are the open-source purists in favour of decentralised “little tech”. On the other are closed-source realists who argue that greater centralisation and control are better for safety and national security.

      Key argument in debate open vs. close models.

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    1. Starlink, a satellite-internet firm, could be a stopgap, but regulators have blocked it in at least seven countries including South Africa.

      Which are 7 countries?

    2. Mobile-phone services directly contribute $170bn to Africa’s gdp.

      Contribution of mobile to Afirca GDP.

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    1. We’re testing SearchGPT, a temporary prototype of new AI search features that give you fast and timely answers with clear and relevant sources.

      What is the difference between SearchGPT and Bing?

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    1. Impressive AI video generator KLING now available as web version

      A new Chinese platform for generating video

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    1. a paper introducing OpenDevin, a framework for developing AI agents that interact with environments similar to human programmers.

      ||JovanNj|| Interesting approach of interaction between AI and programmers.

    2. It’s OpenAI, Google, and Anthropic vs. Meta, Llama, and xAI. One thing is for certain: open-source big AI is going to be competitive.

      Battle between close and open AI

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    1. A 2009 agreement insisted on by the European Commission meant that Microsoft could not make security changes that would have blocked the update from cybersecurity firm Crowdstrike that caused an estimated 8.5 million computers to fail, the Big Tech giant said in comments to the Wall Street Journal newspaper.

      ||VladaR||||anastasiyakATdiplomacy.edu|| This is a very interesting move where competition policy and cybersecurity will colide.

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    1. Modi sent his foreign minister, Subrahmanyam Jaishankar, to the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) at its annual meeting in the Kazakhstan capital, Astana, which was also attended by Putin and the Chinese president, Xi Jinping.
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    1. “expert systems” which used symbolic logic to capture and apply the best of human know-how.

      Centrality of expert systems.

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    1. Amos Hochstein, Joe Biden’s envoy for energy security, hopes that, by redirecting exports to the Atlantic, supply chains will shift decisively westward.

      Shift westwards

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    1. simulating reasoning, avoiding hallucinations, and enhancing the capacity to use external tools.

      Challenges for AI assistant.

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    1. Join our community of global citizens empowered by The New Humanitarian’s independent journalism from the heart of crises, conflicts, and disasters.

      Membership of New Humanitarian

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    1. tested this idea by “spiking” (ie, turning up) a feature associated with the Golden Gate Bridge.

      ||JovanNj||||anjadjATdiplomacy.edu||

    2. “mechanistic interpretability”.

      Machine interprebaility.

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    1. “lots of different brains looking at the same source at the same time”.

      Diplo methodology

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    1. I fully agree with the statement.  Water is a critical resource that underpins various sectors of the economy, including agriculture, manufacturing, energy, and cities

      ||Jovan|| o, we discussed this point. What is XY saying here. It is completely new dyanmis.

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    1. The New Popular Front (NFP) coalition led by Melenchon and its allies won a plurality in France’s National Assembly in the second round of the parliamentary elections on Sunday, taking 187 seats in the 577-seat National Assembly, interior ministry figures show.

      this is important.

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    1. negative effects of brokering on brokers and those whose well-being is affected by the activities of brokers

      ||sorina|| we discussed this yesterday. It is counter-arguemtn to your position.

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    1. a digital factory can stitch together emerging technologies (AI, machine learning, and intelligent automation) with other tools, such as ServiceNow, Salesforce, and SAP, to replace or augment existing processes.

      ||Jovan|| Combining AI with existing tools.

    2. This approach led to a much more business and value-focused reporting capability, including:

      Advantages of reporting.

    3. Instead of rushing to use technology to automate existing reports, they asked fundamental questions about what reporting is needed, why, and how they could pivot this set of activities to growth while reducing costs.

      ||JovanK|| How to revisit existing procedures.

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  7. Jun 2024
    1. LMSYS Chatbot Arena

      How to compare LLMs

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    1. This constituted 5% of the Indonesian population, a higher casualty rate than among many major belligerents, including the United States (0.3%), Britain (0.9%) and Japan (3.9%).

      it is example how opinioneted is Harari. He does not mentione Russia's lost which was 15% beause it is not 'politically correct'.

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    1. There is a lot of innovation theatre.”

      avoid 'innovation theatre'

    2. For its part, the icrc warns that ai systems are potentially unpredictable, opaque and subject to bias, but accepts they “can facilitate faster and broader collection and analysis of available information…minimising risks for civilians”.

      Red Cross views.

    3. “If…machines produce a lower false positive and false negative rate than humans, particularly under pressure, it would be unethical not to delegate authority,”

      Interesting point

    4. Lavender is likely to be what experts call a decision-support system (dss)

      ||JovanK||

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    1. Studies also indicate that llms preferentially cite other papers that are highly cited in a field, potentially reinforcing existing biases and limiting creativity

      Reinforcing existing biases.

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    1. New UNESCO report warns that Generative AI threatens Holocaust memory

      ||MariliaM|| Hi Marilia, here is UNESCO's report on disinformation and anti-semitism.

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    1. In a more or less explicit way, this constitutive power dimension of technology always includes the worldview of those who invented and developed it.

      ||MariliaM|| How to make value-neutral AI development?

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    1. the rules, norms and standards

      ||sorina|| How can we make clear distinction between rules, norms, and standards?

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    1. “Kafkaesque”, first coined in the late 1930s, has become a label for nightmarish, complex and illogical situations, from government investigations to customer-service lines to nowhere.

      What is Kafkaesque situation?

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  8. May 2024
    1. Multiple Vector Databases — Connect to multiple vector databases to enhance Agent performance.

      What does it mean?

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    1. Even now, investors are lukewarm about such gambles. In recent weeks they have applauded Google’s capex plan

      ||VladaR||

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    1. told the World Economic Forum

      Do we have more info about this report?

    2. In a report released on April 5th, the Threat Intelligence team at Microsoft,

      Do we have this report?

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    1. only four of the 11 countermeasures were widely endorsed in the research literature:

      Only disinformation counter-measures that work.

    2. a technique known as “psychological inoculation” or “pre-bunking”.

      To put more information about this approach.