- Last 7 days
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7amleh.org 7amleh.org
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How does the way the DSA addresses (and differentiates between) hate speech and harmful content impact Palestinian digital rights on major online platforms?
Palestinian rights on platforms.
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As a marketer, Jun was all about making quick decisions and fast iterations. Riley, however, followed the stringent protocols of their production team and was methodical and risk-averse.
Different professional cultures.
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Getting the Innovation Ecosystem Ready for AIAn IP policy toolkit
WIPO AI toolkit
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www.turingpost.com www.turingpost.com
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Evaluating Language Model Capabilities
How to evaluate LLM capabilities?
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The Baader–Meinhof phenomenon is a cognitive bias referring to the tendency to notice something more often after noticing it for the first time, leading to the belief that it has an increased frequency of occurrence.
||minam|| Important congitive bias for dealing with AI.
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- May 2024
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hbr.org hbr.org
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Senior executives frequently are too far removed from day-to-day operations to understand what truly needs to change. Consequently, top-down solutions tend to be superficial or at least short-lived. Frontline managers, meanwhile, often lack the contextual understanding to challenge existing processes, and so trim around the edges rather than propose major changes. But midlevel executives tend to have enough experience to see the shortcomings in current operations—and aren’t so close to the ground that they get lost in the weeds.
importance of middle management
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notably, a lack of urgency, insufficient leadership, limited vision, poor communication, and a shortage of “quick wins.”
AI transformation needs these elements It requires 'quick win's.
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hbr.org hbr.org
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Having a crisp mental model around a problem, being able to break it down into steps that are tractable, perfect first-principle thinking, sometimes being prepared (and able to) debate a stubborn AI — these are the skills that will make a great engineer in the future, and likely the same consideration applies to many job categories.
Future set of skills
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the gold standard of learning — personalized tutoring — may be available to everyone.
new educational approach
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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the “rules-based international order”,
typical phrase
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Rarely have international courts been busier.
Busy time for international courts.
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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could triple its share of American power consumption by 2030, to 7.5%.
Use of energy by AI
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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“global capability centres”
new terminology.
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www.state.gov www.state.gov
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more action-oriented discussions at the UN on international security issues in cyberspace
||VladaR|| Of relevance for Geneva dialogue.
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In an effort to increase digital solidarity in the realm of foreign assistance, USAID launched the Donor Principles for Human Rights in the Digital Age in partnership with Canada’s International Development Research Centre (IDRC),
||StephanieBP|| This is of relevance for SDC.
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action-oriented discussions
||VladaR|| this is of relevance for Geneva Dialogue.
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Satellite Communication Networks
||sorina|| Something of interest for you
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The Future of AI Technologies Governance
||sorina||||MariliaM|| A good news is that US is focusing on short-term risks.
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Challenges of the Digital Economy
||MariliaM|| Hi Marilia, could you check how US strategy covers digital economy?
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Cyber Attacks and National Security Threats
||VladaR||||AndrijanaG|| Could you analyse this section on cyberseucirty. You can annotate
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The rapid growth of AI technology, however, comes with the significant risk that its use may exacerbate inequality and economic instability, stifle competition, cause consumer harm, aggravate discrimination and bias, invade privacy, enhance malicious cyber activity, and improve authoritarian capabilities for surveillance and repression. AI will challenge how we compensate for the uses of intellectual property as well as authenticate, label, or detect synthetic content. AI may also require workforce adaptations across economies; the rising energy demands of high-end AI chips and data centers could become a significant barrier to developing local capabilities.
||sorina|| Good summary of AI governance issues.
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Digital solidarity is a willingness to work together on shared goals, to help partners build capacity, and to provide mutual support.[1] Digital solidarity recognizes that all who use digital technologies in a rights-respecting manner are more secure, resilient, self-determining, and prosperous when we work together to shape the international environment and innovate at the technological edge. Central to the tenets of digital solidarity are efforts to support allies and partners, especially emerging economies, to fully seize the opportunities presented by new technologies and sustainably pursue their economic and development goals. Digital solidarity aligns U.S. national interests with those of our international partners through compatible approaches to technology governance, sustains strong partnerships with civil society and the private sector, and embraces cybersecurity resilience built on a diversity of products and services made by trusted technology vendors. It highlights the mutual support that the United States and its partners offer one another to counter and respond to malicious cyber operations, cybercrime, and other digital harms, and promotes cooperative efforts among states and civic actors to defend and advance human rights. In addition, the concept of digital solidarity rests on efforts to build digital and cyber capacity so that partners are not only better able to build a defensible and resilient digital ecosystem over the long term but are also able to respond and recover quickly when incidents that threaten security, safety, and rights happen. The actions and efforts of this strategy are intended to demonstrate and build digital solidarity with partners across the globe.
Definition of digital solidirity
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the October 2022 National Security Strategy (NSS)
Basis is national security approach
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working together to offer mutual assistance to the victims of malicious cyber activity and other digital harms; assist partners – especially emerging economies – in deploying safe, secure, resilient, and sustainable technologies to advance their development goals; and builds strong and inclusive innovation economies that can shape our economic and technological future.
What is digital solidarity?
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to build digital solidarity
New concept in global lingo ||sorina|| ||Pavlina|| ||VladaR|| ||StephanieBP||
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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a subtle difference in their meaning
Difference between disinformation and misinfomration: dis - intentionally, mis-unintationally.
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The vocabulary of disinformation
A good dictionary of disinformation.
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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First is “placement”, or the initial posting of the lie.
Three phases of placement of fake news.
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- Apr 2024
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www.aljazeera.com www.aljazeera.com
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the Israeli government is split.
||sorina|| follows on our discusion
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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Excellent statistics on development assistance.
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AidData
||minam|| Another relevant data.
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“true multilateralism” where “universal security” replaced “universal values”
||VladaR|| Core changes in multilateral language.
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It has built an index of states’ power from 1960 to 2022.
To be consulted by our data team. ||minam||
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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It is also claimed that the IDF would be willing to risk killing 15-20 civilians in order to strike a Hamas fighter. For Hamas battalion or brigade commanders, that number rose to more than 100 civilians.
Tolerable number of humans killed.
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But in 2016 Heather Roff and Richard Moyes, then writing for Article 36, a non-profit focused on the issue, cautioned that a person “simply pressing a ‘fire’ button in response to indications from a computer, without cognitive clarity or awareness”, does not meaningfully qualify as “human control”.
||VladaR|| Critical aspect for 'human control'
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001React App14
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Detailed summary of AI and intellectual property rights. ||Jovan||
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the eu ’s directive on digital copyright was passed in 2019, when generative AI was not a thing. “There is no way the Europeans would pass [such a directive] today,” says Mr Sag.
Why not?
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Tennessee last month passed the Ensuring Likeness Voice and Image Security ( ELVIS ) Act, banning unauthorised deepfakes in the state.
||Jovan|| about deepfakes
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A number of news publishers have reached a similar conclusion
Here are various 'Ask approaches'.
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A survey of media executives in 56 countries by the Reuters Institute found that 48% expected there to be “very little” money from AI licensing deals.
Pessimistic about licencing deals
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Shutterstock, a photo library, has licensed its archive to both Open AI and Meta, the social-media empire that is pouring resources into AI . Reddit and Tumblr, online forums, are reportedly licensing their content to AI firms as well.
Position of different cmpanies.
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Partners so far include the Associated Press, Axel Springer (owner of Bild and Politico), Le Monde and Spain’s Prisa Media.
Deals between OpenAI and media houses.
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Outside America, the legal climate is mostly harsher for tech firms.
||Jovan|| Survey of copyright law in various jurisdicitons.
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The lawyering is now happening.
||Jovan|| Major court cases.
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tech firms are again seeking forgiveness rather than permission
Classical approach
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Common Crawl,
Company that scraps the Internet.
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the model learns by trial and error how tokens are normally combined.
||Jovan|| Good point how AI learns.
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“They have created an amazing edifice that’s built on a foundation of sand.”
Good point
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AI s are trained on vast quantities of human-made work
||Andrej|| Please follow-up on this. It is relevant for our course for Kuwait and their linguistical projects.
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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In 2022 he proposed a framework called “Joint Embedding Predictive Architecture” ( JEPA ),
||JovanNj||||anjadjATdiplomacy.edu|| What is this technology about?
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Andrej Karpathy, a researcher formerly at Open AI , explained in a recent talk that current LLM s are only capable of “system 1” thinking. In humans, this is the automatic mode of thought involved in snap decisions. In contrast, “system 2” thinking is slower, more conscious and involves iteration.
||Jovan|| Is not it opposite of AI having access to 'system 2'
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Since 2017 most AI models have used a type of neural-network architecture known as a transformer (the “ T ” in GPT ), which allowed them to establish relationships between bits of data that are far apart within a data set.
||Jovan|| Transformes is linking data which are far apart within a data set.
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When the LLM is in its learning phase, it compares its predictions against the version of reality available in its training data. If these diverge, the algorithm makes small tweaks to each layer of the network to improve future predictions. That makes it computationally intensive and incremental.
||Jovan|| How AI is learning.
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Companies like Scale AI and Surge AI have built large networks of people to generate and annotate data, including P h D researchers solving problems in maths or biology. One executive at a leading AI startup estimates this is costing AI labs hundreds of millions of dollars per year.
||Jovan|| Check these companies as interesting data model for annotations.
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The main points from this article - start of Llama3 - high-quality textual data will run dry from the Internet in 2026 - development of 'multimodal' capabilities. - SaleAI and SurgeAI are doing annotations - life is more compelx from clear-cut decisions.
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Epoch AI , a research outfit, estimates the well of high-quality textual data on the public internet will run dry by 2026.
Need for smart data.
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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flow of information and energy are critical for global economy. In this field there are battles between China and USA. this battle will affect global economy for 1.2% of globagl GDP.
China leads in EVs and green eocnomy, while it is weak in chipmaking. US export control seems to slow.
Next battle will be in quantum and sensing technologies.
A Summary: The ongoing tech wars between the United States and China, which began during the Trump administration and continue under Joe Biden, are having significant global implications. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) estimates that the elimination of high-tech trade between the two countries could cost as much as $1 trillion annually, equivalent to 1.2% of global GDP. The battles are primarily taking place in the chipmaking and green technology sectors.
The US is actively encouraging the expansion of chip production within its borders, providing subsidies to companies like Taiwan's TSMC and South Korea's Samsung. It also maintains high tariffs on Chinese solar panels and electric vehicles (EVs). China, on the other hand, has become a global leader in green technology with companies like Longi, CATL, and BYD, but it faces obstacles in the chipmaking industry due to US restrictions on chipmaking technology imports.
While the focus has recently been on app-related disputes, such as pressuring Chinese owners to sell platforms and removing certain apps from app stores, the real battle lies in the control of chipmaking and energy technologies. The risks and consequences of this tech war are significant, including a potential loss of focus on critical areas, strained relationships with Japan and Europe, slower economic growth, and the potential fragmentation of global information and energy-technology industries.
The Biden administration has followed a relatively predictable approach to China and technology, but a more aggressive campaign by the Trump administration could lead to worse outcomes for all parties involved. It is crucial to monitor the shifting dynamics of the tech wars, the impact on chipmaking and green technology sectors, and the potential consequences on the global economic landscape.
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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The Senate requested Tik-Tok to be sold by ByteDance. China's government, who is shareholder by ByteDance, refused to seel shares.
TikTok will challenge the Senate's decisions in the court on the basis of the First Amendment and freedon of spreech.
The result of this challenge will have two major impacts: - content governance of other social media platforms; - follow-up by other countries who are likely to follow US example as, for example, Europe did in the case of Huawei and chip-export.
||Jovan||
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www.theopedproject.org www.theopedproject.org
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Op-ed Writing: Tips and Tricks
Tips for op-ed writing
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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The Israeli-Palestinian publication +972 Magazine and Hebrew-language media outlet Local Call reported recently that the Israeli army was isolating and identifying thousands of Palestinians as potential bombing targets using an AI-assisted targeting system called Lavender.
Source
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Useful text on AI in meetings.
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financefeeds.com financefeeds.com
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Nigerian officials are kicking off legal proceedings against Binance and two of its senior executives, accusing them of money laundering and tax evasion.
||ArvinKamberi|| Arvine evo teksta o Binance i Nigeriji.
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- Mar 2024
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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Meta’s recent decision to shut down Facebook News, which was a source of revenues for many content providers, as potentially hurting the economics of the news industry, thus lowering the quality of journalism and, by extension, undermining the political process.
Attack on journalism
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TTD has rolled out an alternative open-source technology, known as Unified ID 2.0 ( UID 2), that it hopes will improve on cookies as an industry standard.
Highly relevant standard.
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techamb.um.dk techamb.um.dk
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The TechPlomacy Approach
Description of Techplomacy
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001React App16
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||Jovan|| Here is a good summary of the current developments in cryptocurrency. It is a bit PR, but it provides a useful overall summary. A few questions for us: - Does DW covers these developments? - Is there anything we can do to follow systematically this field as WSJ indicates or Atlantic Council presents effectively https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/cbdctracker/
Soruce of article: https://deloitte.wsj.com/riskandcompliance/decentralized-finance-may-transform-how-money-is-managed-b443f30e?mod=Deloitte_riskcomp_wsjarticle10_eNL_SSFY24
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Central Bank Digital Currency Tracker – Atlantic Council
Excellent link https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/cbdctracker/
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regulatory uncertainties
Key aspects.
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With tokenization and programmable money, transactions can be executed instantly, anytime, and from anywhere.
What about national regulations?
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It could significantly enhance payroll processes, providing a way to compensate people on a more ongoing or recurring basis, such as per job for gig workers or per day for salaried workers.
Payment for micro-activites.
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These assets can include securities, loans, public and private funds, hedge funds and money markets, private equity, environmental credits, real estate, commodities, ownership rights, voting rights, and content licensing.
What can be tokenized?
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The Internal Revenue Service has also developed guidance on digital assets, treating them as property for federal tax purposes.
It is critical that cryptoassets can be taxed.
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130 jurisdictions globally are either launching, piloting, developing, or researching central bank digital currencies (CBDCs),
||ArvinKamberi||||minam|| This could be an intteresting map.
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Crypto-Assets Regulation
Do we have this regulation?
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provided comprehensive guidance for how authorities can address the macroeconomic and financial stability risks
Do we have this documents?
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“Supercharging the way money is used suggests new risks and benefits, and the rapid acceleration of AI could help accelerate the adoption of digital assets.”
Combining blockchain and AI.
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The permissioned blockchain is designed to provide interoperability and control for powering synchronized financial markets to enable secure, controlled exchanges of data and value.
Exchange of tokens
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blockchain, smart contracts, and the tokenization of assets.
Technologies behind this shift.
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commercial adoption, regulation, and tokenization,
Major processes
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Numerous countries are setting in place regulatory frameworks
||ArvinKamberi|| Do we have survey of current regulations and processes per country? Do we have, for example, world map with indication of countries that adopted regulations of bitcoin, etc.?
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they have the potential to replace certain services that today are provided by intermediaries such as banks, stock exchanges, or brokers.
Where are we today with promisses of blockchain technologies?
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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One solution would be for countries to work together, to learn from each other and create minimum global standards.
Role for WHO.
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The Summit of the Future in 2024 is an opportunity to agree on multilateral solutions for a better tomorrow, strengthening global governance for both present and future genera-tions
@jovan This is important to know
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www.cyber-risk-gmbh.com www.cyber-risk-gmbh.com
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Cyber security training for the Board of Directors
Useful offer
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www.cyber-risk-gmbh.com www.cyber-risk-gmbh.com
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Useful corporate impressium
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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The more serious problem is that Iran’s and Russia’s economies are too similar to be natural trading partners. Of the top 15 categories of goods that each exports, nine are shared; ten of their 15 biggest imports are also the same.
How to view economic complementarity.
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Iranian and Russian ministers have revived negotiations to extend the International North-South Transport Corridor ( INSTC ), a 7,200km route connecting Russia to the Indian Ocean via Iran.
Important route for expert from Rssia.
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Last July Iran became the ninth member of the Shanghai Co-operation Organisation,
Participation of Iran in various regional cooperations.
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In December imports of Russian crude reached 2.2m b/d, or 19% of China’s total, from 1.5m b/d two years ago. In the second half of last year, Iran’s exports to China averaged 1m b/d, a 150% rise from the same period in 2021.
increase of oil export to China.
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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Experts expect some inference to start moving from specialist graphics-processing units ( GPU s), which are Nvidia’s forte, to general-purpose central processing units ( CPU s)
||JovanNj||||aleksandarsATdiplomacy.edu|| Kako ce se ovo desiti?
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A good summary of tech industry according to the layers.
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Third, and most important, big tech has the greatest potential to control every layer of the stack, from chips to applications.
Real power of tech companies.
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Hippocratic AI , has trained its model on data from exams to enter medical school, to give accurate medical advice.
Hippocratic AI
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Nixtla developed Time GPT , a model for financial forecasting.
financial forecast
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to respond to queries (“inference”, in tech-speak)
||sorina|| 'Inference' is 'query' in tech speak.
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Technological breakthroughs tend to elevate new tech giants.
Each technological breakthrough raised some companies.
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We examined
Four layers of AI companies.
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to get a sense of which businesses are real winners in the AI boom
Important for anchoring AI developments in reality.
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deliverypdf.ssrn.com deliverypdf.ssrn.com
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||sorina||||MariliaM|| Here is an interesting article on Pope's Message on AI arguing that antrophocentrism created a lot of distortion in adopting technology. We have to discover ourselves and 'others' in order to deal properly with technology. ||Jovan||
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Asking yourself what the world will be like tomorrow means asking yourself what youwant and decide to do today.
||Jovan||||anitalATdiplomacy.edu|| For our course on future
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the expression was coined to be catchy andvague, as John McCarthy, its creator, tells us.
Whi even term artificial intelligence is misleading
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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AI study of corner kicks.
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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An excellent studies of the limits of counter-intuitive answers to economic and societal problems.
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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A ban on TikTok could open the door to many of these apps being consigned to the digital dustbin.
Chinese apps in USa may follow similar develpment
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The 30 biggest Chinese video-game makers account for 18% of the industry’s global sales outside China.
Chinese share of video-gaming market.
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The firm that makes them, Joyy, is based in Singapore, just like TikTok.
Most Chinese tech companies are based in Singapore.
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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“ AI factories”,
||sorina|| New terminology in EU is 'AI factory'
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n 2018 the EU launched Euro HPC , a bloc-wide project to expand number-crunching capacity. The outfit is set to spend nearly €8bn ($8.7bn) between 2018 and 2027 on a dozen or so new supercomputers.
EU's high computing facility. ||sorina|| It could be follow-up to our presentaiton to College of Europe.
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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46% of Chinese get their news from short-video apps such as Douyin, the domestic form of TikTok which has about 740m active monthly users (China’s population is 1.4bn).
Survey of Chinese social media market
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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the Congo canyon
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Just five submarine cables (including one under construction) run up Africa’s west coast between South Africa and Nigeria. Three of these were knocked offline on March 14th.
Major disruption
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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||VladaR|| Ukraine war was somehow off the media focus. Here is a good summary what is going on currently.
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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Nvidia’s AI chips, also known as graphics processor units ( GPU s) or “accelerators”, were initially designed for video games.
||sorina|| This paragraph explains well Nvidia's AI chps.
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Since January 2023 the chipmaker’s share price has surged by almost 450%.
Search of Nvidia's shares.
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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could be considered a Hindu. Jains and Buddhists could be. But Muslims and Christians, as adherents of “non-Indic” religions, could not be part of the Hindu nation unless they renounced their faith.
Who are Hindu?
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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He says the mightiest Blackwell system, known pithily as GB 200 NVL 72, can train a model larger than Chat GPT using about a quarter as much electrical power as the best available processors.
Saving electricity
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Moreover, Nvidia’s larger integrated systems contain around 600,000 components, many of which come from China.
Risk of China-USA tensions.
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Crucially, they will rely on (mostly rented) Nvidia GPU s, further tying customers into the firm’s hardware-software ecosystem.
Locing users with software-hardware
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It believes that many businesses will soon move on from toying with Chat GPT to deploying their own gen AI s.
Push for bottom-up AI
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“accelerated-computing”,
||sorina|| It is a new term.
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By contrast, computinghardware has a finite throughput: if one actor is using some computing power, anotheractor cannot use that same computing power at the same time
||sorina|| following questons during GDC training, it seems to be relevant answer.
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Concentration of the AI Chip Supply Chain
useful graphics as illustration of development of micro-processors.
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The recent advances in Chinese chipmakingcapacity, such as the fabrication of a 7nm chip25for Huawei phones (Liu 2023) haveincreased concerns about the controls accelerating China’s progress towards AI chipsupply chain independence and thus diminishing U.S. capacity to control access tocompute.
There are two theories: one that China should have kept inderdependent and integrated in global market. second is of export-control which prevailed.
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The three keytechnical inputs to producing AI capabilities are data, algorithms, and compute, alsoreferred to as the “AI triad”
AI triad
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First, governance of computecan help increase regulatoryvisibilityinto AI capabilities and use; second, it can steerAI progress by changing theallocationof resources toward safe and beneficial usesof AI; third, it can enhanceenforcementof prohibitions against reckless or maliciousdevelopment or use.
There area of governance of Ai computing.
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Relative to other key inputs to AI (data andalgorithms), AI-relevant compute is a particularly effective point of intervention: it isdetectable,excludable, andquantifiable, and is produced via an extremelyconcentrated supply chain.
it is easy to detect.
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Project managers will not be going away, but they will need to embrace these changes and take advantage of the new technologies.
Future roles of project managers.
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Because AI is ignorant of silos, knows no boundaries within the company, has no limits to its reading capacity or attention span, and is immune from internal politics, it can enable strategic intelligence staff — including those working in marketing intelligence, strategy, and strategic management accounting — to breach a company’s internal knowledge walls.
Ai as tool for overcoming silos.
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to real-time inference of otherwise hidden information about a company from publicly disclosed documents such as annual reports, quarterly financials, press releases, statements, and social media posts.
How to identify 'hidden infomration'
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“Is there any statement of strategic relevance for the company XYZ in the following paragraph?
Prompt
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to Uncover Hidden Information
how to uncover hidden information.
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AI can become the watchful eye that spots useful insights in the field of competitive intelligence.
Termi is 'competitive intelligence'.
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growing problem of information overload regarding markets and competitors,
AI can help finding relevant information in a lot of information.
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hbr.org hbr.org
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AI is great at identifying patterns and providing predictions for well-formulated problems, but it fails to practice emotional intelligence and exercise moral or ethical judgment.
What is AI good at?
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hbr.org hbr.org
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to balance privacy with security, trust with safety, helpfulness with respect for others’ autonomy, and, of course, values with short-term financial metrics.
Trade-offs
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Norbert Wiener, the father of cybernetics, proposed a similar idea in a seminal 1960 Science article, launching an entire academic discipline focused on ensuring that automated tools incorporate the values of their creators.
Start of AI and ethics
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Overanalyzing
How to do overanalysing?
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Rumination is best described as a mental loop where you dwell on past events, particularly negative or distressing ones.
Wht is rumintion?
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Teams in the experimental groups could use ChatGPT during both ideation phases, and they were encouraged to train the tool on the problem by inputting material from the information sheets.
How to generate ideas?
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problem–centric, people–first, and principle–driven.
3P APPROACH
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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The snail’s pace of research and publishing is badly suited to Silicon Valley’s speed.
It is also about books and writing.
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is both an insider and an outsider.
Like Diplo with diplomacy.
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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Qatar and the UAE increased
Increase of diplomatic missions.
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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Western diplomacy must seek to counter Russian disinformation across the global south.
||VladaR|| Most of EU projects on digital/tech will be along these lines. It will be tricky time to preserve neutrality.
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If the West tried to use secondary sanctions to force the world to comply, it would backfire, leading some countries to abandon the American-led financial system.
Risk of sanctoins
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Russia’s economy has been re-engineered. Oil exports bypass sanctions and are shipped to the global south. Western brands from bmw to h&m have been replaced with Chinese and local substitutes. In textbooks and the media a seductive narrative of nationalism and Russian victimhood is promulgated.
Russia's survival formula
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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Christopher Myers of Johns Hopkins University is a fan of informal storytelling as a way of passing on tacit knowledge.
The best way to pass tacit knowledge
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Working alongside experienced colleagues is the best way to transfer tacit knowledge but it is not always possible.
The bet way to capture knowledge is through cognitive proximity.
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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Startups and corporations are already designing software to make it easy to switch between Open AI ’s current top model, GPT -4, and alternatives.
Important to be ready to switch between different platforms.
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In January America’s Federal Trade Commission launched an antitrust probe into Open AI ’s deal with Microsoft. Regulators in Britain and the EU are considering similar moves.
First anti-trust moves agains OpenAI
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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If the probability distribution of the words is flat, ie many words have similar likelihoods of being chosen, this means that there is less certainty as to which is most likely.
||Jovan|| What is this about?
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One solution is retrieval augmented generation ( RAG ), which splits the job of the AI model into two parts: retrieval and generation
||Jovan|| Good description of RAG
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This is a later stage of training in which the model’s weights, which encode statistical relationships between the words and phrases in the training data, are updated for a specific task
Important of weights.
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he fundamental problem is that language models are probabilistic, while truth is not.
good point
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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Many countries are more than happy to play both sides—receiving Chinese investment and intermediate goods, and exporting finished products to America.
Position of many countries.
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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On February 20th Silo AI , a Finnish firm, unveiled a new LLM that is even more open than Mistral’s, furnishing information about the data on which it is trained and the software that did the job.
||JovanNj|| Anything on this model?
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to divulge its data recipe
||sorina|| It seems that battle was not around open-source but around data provisions.
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This places them among the 100 or so people worldwide who really know how to train cutting-edge models.
Is only 100 people? ||JovanNj||
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“It’s no longer about being bigger—it’s about being creative and being fast,”
Key for AI developments.
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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in establishing an internal “data and analytics culture”, which plenty of businesses find stubbornly difficult to nurture.
Important aspect of AI impact on data culture
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three big categories: window-dressing, tools for workers with low to middling skills, and those for a firm’s most valuable employees.
3 types of use cases.
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more than 300 AI use cases in production today”
What is AI use cases? It seems to be terminology 'use cases' ||JovanNj||||dusandATdiplomacy.edu||
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n February only about 5% of American firms of all sizes said they used AI . A further 7% of firms plan to adopt it within six months (see chart).
Little use of AI in businesses.
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According to a recent survey from the Boston Consulting Group ( BCG ), a majority of executives said it will take at least two years to “move beyond the hype” around AI .
2 years to move beyond hype.
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The spread of the typewriter put some workers out of a job: “With the aid of this little machine an operator can accomplish more correspondence in a day than half a dozen clerks can with the pen, and do better work,” said an observer in 1888.
Observation about use of typewritter.
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www.tortoisemedia.com www.tortoisemedia.com
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The Global AI Index is underpinned by 111 indicators, collected from 28 different public and private data sources, and 62 governments. These are split across seven sub-pillars: Talent, Infrastructure, Operating Environment, Research, Development, Government Strategy and Commercial.
Elements for AI analysis
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www.blog.aiport.tech www.blog.aiport.tech
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However, in our research, we found 35 countries who have made any significant stride in GenAI ever.
Geography of AI
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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TikTok has also injected welcome competition into the social-media market. Six of last year’s ten most-downloaded apps came from Meta, Facebook’s owner. TikTok, which beat them to the top spot, has brought in a wave of innovation. Consumers everywhere are the winners.
||sorina|| An interesting economic angle to Tik-Tok saga from the Economist. We will see if security of economic angle will prevail ultimately. This is also battle between geopolitics and geoeconomics. TikTok saga is more important than simple market access issue.
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True, it hoovers up users’ data. But there is no evidence that it takes more than it claims (or indeed more than rivals such as Facebook).
||MariliaM|| an interesting comment from the Economist
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carduelis.medium.com carduelis.medium.com
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if ministers took all the advice offered on the National Tutoring Service, accepted it fully, and then it failed, the blame would rest firmly on the civil servants offering that advice.
failure of advice.
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Political impartiality has been a key principle of the civil service since the famous Northcote-Trevelyan report of 1854, the foundation document for the way civil servants should be appointed and should operate once in post.
Relevance of UK civil service to the UN.
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www.ycombinator.com www.ycombinator.com
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Explainable AI
Explainable AI
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- Feb 2024
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“tea” and “sea” would be farther apart because they have dissimilar meanings and are not used together often, even though they have similar spelling.
They are not used often together.
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www.elastic.co www.elastic.co
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Types of vector embeddings
What type of embedding we have in our vector database: word, sentence or document. Could we have embedding of all three?
||JovanNj|| ||anjadjATdiplomacy.edu||
Tags
Annotators
URL
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www.thegenevaobserver.com www.thegenevaobserver.com
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||sorina|| End of one era or CERN and Geneva. It never happened in the worst time o the Cold War that scientists were sanctioned.
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Read the texts themselves: Seneca, Caesar, or Marcus Aurelius, when possible.
Important
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press.un.org press.un.org
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By that text, titled “Promotion of inclusive and effective international tax cooperation at the United Nations” (document A/C.2/78/L.18/Rev.1), the Assembly would stress that efforts in international tax cooperation should be universal in approach and scope and fully consider the different needs and capacities of all States, in particular developing countries and countries in special situations. The Committee approved it by a recorded vote of 125 in favour to 48 against, with 9 abstentions (Armenia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Iceland, Mexico, Norway, Peru, Türkiye, United Arab Emirates).
Vote on drafting UN Taxation Treaty.
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taxjustice.net taxjustice.net
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Following the UN Secretary-General’s report earlier this year highlighting the exclusionary nature of the OECD’s tax work, however, we now see a most welcome formal challenge.
Interesting document
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www.thenewhumanitarian.org www.thenewhumanitarian.org
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by despite the tendency for multi-stakeholder processes to water things down”
||sorina|| it is interesting aspect that multi-stakeholder processes are used to water things down.
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www.searchenginejournal.com www.searchenginejournal.com
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a free Assistant in ChatGPT called AI Diagrams.
||Jovan||
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ai.diplomacy.edu:3001 ai.diplomacy.edu:3001
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one common definition of weight is the importance given to individual input features when training a machine learning model
What is exactly weight? There are two explanatons in this paragraph. ||JovanNj||||anjadjATdiplomacy.edu||
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deliverypdf.ssrn.com deliverypdf.ssrn.com
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Factors such as the intense US-China tech rivalry and the escalating chip embargo on Chinese AI firms further diminish the government’s incentive to impose strict regulation.
||MariliaM|| This article discusses AI governance in China. It has linkages between digital and security as you are focusing on.
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hai.stanford.edu hai.stanford.edu
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distributing power, catalyzing innovation, and ensuring transparency
Three reasons for open source AI.
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n the EU, open foundation models trained with fewer than 1025floating point operations (a measure of the amount of compute expended) appear to be exempted under the recently negotiated AI Act.
EU AI Act on open source foundational models.
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rethinkpriorities.org rethinkpriorities.org
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For each key finding below, more granular response categories are presented in the main text, along with demographic breakdowns of interest.
Why America was afraid of AI in Spring 2023.
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llamaindex_agentic_rag.ipynb
Can we experiment with this method?
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docs.mistral.ai docs.mistral.ai
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LangChain and LlamaIndex.
Are we using any of these methods?
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a time-weighted approach would help us retrieve the most recent document.
Can we use this for updates, courses, blog posts?
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we use list comprehension to get text embeddings for all text chunks.
||anjadjATdiplomacy.edu|| does it mean that we get at the end one vectoral value or whole text (not only text chunk).?
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it is crucial to split the document into smaller chunks so that it's more effective to identify and retrieve the most relevant information in the retrieval process later.
Can we split it into smaller chanks? Ideally it should be on the level of sentence or paragraph in the text. Can we use some of HTML markers/code to identify beinning/end of para or sentence.
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techpolicy.press techpolicy.press
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The Act takes a “risk approach”, i.e. it conditions intervention on the basis of the expected “risk” of the application – but not a market power approach.
EU AI Act ignores market power risks.
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Customers don't want to go to two places to find information and get answers.
||Jovan|| ||JovanNj|| ||anjadjATdiplomacy.edu|| Why our ChatBot may provide this integrated access to information (search + AI)
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o promoting digital skills along the entire education chain
Focus on education.
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to counteract the possible leakage of critical technologies and knowledge.
This is 'Chinese norm'
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with our values and interests.
A strong focus on 'our' in values and interests. It remains to be seen if 'others' relate to those who have different values and itnerests (but not confrontational) or only to those who directly oppose 'our' values and interests. It will be key distinction in this 'value-based' approach. Does it include cooperation with China?
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improving geo-redundancy.
Interesting new concept. What would it mean in practice?
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the expansion and protection of submarine data cables, terrestrial optical fibres and new satellite constellations
Critical infrastructure.
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democratic partners
is there any indication of criteria (e.g. elections, free press)? Is there any list of those partners?
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also
It opens the space for other format such as multilateral (unlike previously mentioned digital networking).
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innovative, secure, trustworthy, human-centric and sustainable artificial intelligence (AI).
to follow this phrase in AI debates. It could emerge as 5-pillars slogan for AI governance.
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