For example, 5G and 6Gwill require users to replace equipmentto fully reap their benefits,as most existing smartphones, tablets, and computers would only be backwardscompatible.

currently only 17.4% of this is properly treated and recycled

On the other hand, deployment of next generations of low-power chips11and moreefficient connectivity technologies (5G and 6G, networkspowered by artificial intelligence) might reduce the overall footprint of ICT.

Power consumption will also rise due to the increaseduse of online platforms, search engines, virtual reality concepts such as the metaverse10, andmusic or video streamingplatforms.

theDigital Twin of the Ocea

Thedevelopment of the EUDestination Earth (DestinE)and itsdigital earth twins is key to predicting the effects and building resilience to climatechange.

nformation and communications technology(ICT)isresponsiblefor5-9% of globalelectricity use and around3%of greenhouse gas emissions.

the greening of data-based technologies, such asbig data analytics, blockchain,andthe internet of things

climate neutrality and energy efficiency for data centres and cloud infrastructures by 2030

Space-based data technologies providing real-timeglobal information monitor progress towards sustainability.

Digital product passports enableenhanced material, componentand end-to-end traceabilityand make data more accessible

monitoring, reporting and verification of greenhouse gas emissions for carbon pricing.

resource efficiency and strengthen the flexibility of systems and networks.

ten key areas where action will be needed.

Digital CompassandFit for 55

While they are different in nature and each subject to specific dynamics, theirtwinning–i.e. their capacity to reinforce each other–deservescloser scrutiny.

on the interactions between the green and digitaltransitions

Governments also fret about privacy breaches, which is even more sensitive than usual when it comes to medical information.

Another Alphabet subsidiary, Verily, is working with L’Oréal, a French beauty giant, to better understand how ageing impacts the biology of the skin—and thus create better skincare.

ageing should be viewed not as an immutable aspect of life but as a condition that can be managed and treated,

to slow the ageing process—or stop it altogether.

Alphabet’s ai projects are also beginning to produce results. Starting in 2016 DeepMind, a British startup bought by Google in 2014,

The fda’s stamp of approval for the Fitbit sensor is a big deal.

Google launched itself into the wearables business in 2019 with a $2.1bn acquisition of Fitbit.

Through engagement with user communities, GEO will play a key role in systematically: identifying data needs while advocating the provision of, and access to, multiple sources of data; delivering tools, skills and services to allow the intelligent exploitation of the data by the user communities; and showcasing the value of Earth observation data in order to expand interest in, and usage of, those observations, as well as demonstrate their benefits to society.

on the ability of expert communities to utilize complex data from Earth observations and combine these with social and economic analyses.

The extraordinary monitoring capabilities of the countries and organizations that participate in GEO afford decision-makers an unprecedented opportunity to gain foresight about critical factors that impact our future

Earth observations are an opportunity tosupplement statistical analyses in the assessment of indicators towards the attainment of the SDGs and thus have a critical role to play in support of SDG monitoring frameworks.

Earth observations from diverse sources, including satellite, airborne, in-situplatforms, and citizen observatories, when integrated together, provide powerful tools for understanding the past and present conditions of Earth systems, as well as the interplay between them. These tools, and the improved knowledge they provide, together with socio-economic data describing the human dimension in the global environment, can help solve problems, address and mitigate risks, and deliver skillful predictionsof the future behaviour of Earth systems.

The Russian media would be right to increase coverage of developments in the key non-Western nations, educating the Russian elite and the broader public about the economic realities, politics, and culture of those nations.

Apart from economics, student exchange programs should be expanded, and Russian tourism encouraged to move east, and south

Being an ambassador to Indonesia should be more prestigious than an ambassadorship in Rome, and a post in Tashkent should be viewed as more important than one in Vienna.

From Indonesia to Brazil, and from Argentina to South Africa, there are many dynamic and ambitious countries that Moscow is seeking to engage.

capitulating to the West is no option for Russia, at this point. Things have gone too far.

that people start doing the right thing only when there are no other options.

the dominant cult of individual self-expression, runaway liberalism that is turning increasingly oppressive, the erosion of family values and the proliferation of genders, jars with the more traditional cultural code of the majority of the Russian population.

Despite the recent political rupture and the geo-economic shift, the foundations of Russian culture remain definitely European.

Russians have traditionally identified themselves with the rest of Europe. Christianity; the legacies of Ancient Greece and Rome; the ideas of French Enlightenment and German philosophy; European literature and the arts, music, and dance –

in cultural terms

This, too, is on the way out, however.

Second, Moscow’s economic relations have been largely built with the West.

Russia’s political rupture with the West is thus complete, and any new norm of relations between them can only emerge as a result of the “Hybrid War,“ which will take years, if not decades, to fight out.

At least since the days of Peter the Great, Russian elites have looked westward, adopting western ways of appearance and behavior (while remaining distinctly Russian beneath the garb and manners); adapting western institutions (even if often only superficially); borrowing western patterns of thinking (while creatively developing them, as with Marxism); seeking to become a great European power; then, in Soviet days, a global superpower; and, more recently, a key component of a greater Europe from Lisbon to Vladivostok.

Having tried, after the end of the Cold War, to become part of the new West, and having failed at that endeavor, Russia is now focusing on developing its ties with Asia, the Middle East, Africa, and Latin America.

We might have to live in the ruins of the old order for quite some time, without anything new being constructed.

the discrediting of communism by the 1970s (if not before) was a boon for neoliberals, who then also – a point Gerstle underplays – used international institutions such as the World Trade Organisation to entrench their beliefs in a global order

Trump promised to restore white supremacy; Sanders thundered that the Obama administration, still dominated by Nineties neoliberals like Larry Summers, had been soft on finance after 2008.  

Clinton and House speaker Newt Gingrich – worked together behind the public scenes of political and personal invective to give Silicon Valley the lax internet legislation it craved.

While Clinton and Blair were cheerleaders for technology and globalisation, it is harder to see that their stances really amounted to cosmopolitanism in any meaningful sense: borders might have become more porous, but hardly “open”

the original liberal “promise of emancipation”

precisely because they prioritised freedom, rather than equality, socialists would now build welfare states that provided the security needed for the unfolding and flourishing of individuality

broad continuities between 19th-century liberal ideals of autonomy and individuality and contemporary neoliberalism.

the consumer is not immortal when car manufacturers neglect safety for profit, as Nader’s famous 1965 book, Unsafe at Any Speed, argued.    

corporate America’s selective appropriation of creativity and all its talk of diversity does not prove that left-wing radicals inadvertently helped establish the neoliberal order.

cannot be established without an appeal to moral ideals.

n the 1980s, Ronald Reagan proved the “ideological architect” of neoliberalism, but Bill Clinton, writes Gerstle, played the role of “key facilitator” – the Eisenhower of the centre left, acquiescing in the neoliberal order.  

was a form of “cosmopolitanism” more akin to libertarianism: a supposedly “deeply egalitarian and pluralistic” belief in “open borders” and diversity resulting from different people freely mixing

Thatcher was calling for people to be responsible for themselves, with the help of strong families and the “living tapestry” of something like civil society

“Order” here is a term of art; Gerstle defines it as “a constellation of ideologies, policies, and constituencies that shape American politics in ways that endure beyond the two-, four- and six-year election cycles”.

Middle East & North Africa

But interdependence is also vulnerability.

it was believed that interdependence leads to peace and brings benefits.

Naturally, the goods that are needed for medicine, for defense, for machine tool building, must be produced at home or with the help of friendly countries.

We have a really bad situation with microchips.

This threshold is slowly lowering, but it cannot be crossed. I hope everyone's mind will prevail.

don't see a "collective Kennedy" there.

Take, for example, the notorious idea of ​​military parity. This is idiotic!

And it’s better for us to live for some time in the “fortress of Russia” – reliably protected, mostly taking care of itself, but at the same time open to cooperation with those who are ready for it.

we'd better live in the "fortress of Russia" for a while...

Until he calms down and comes to terms with the fact that he is no longer the world hegemon, but simply one of the centers of human civilization.

the attack from the West on Russia is carried out in order to knock it out as a strategic rear for China. And if Russia falters, then the Chinese positions will also be drastically weakened. And they understand this very well.

evade responsibility for failures for a while.

this is the absolute impoverishment of the middle class, and a blatant increase in inequality

no longer military superiority.

These positions, based on military superiority, were unshakable for almost 500 years.

Regulation has acted as a form of quality control for Europe’s entire existence and success.

from an apparent market failure

missing a major opportunity to promote an Internet that offers the best of both worlds — one where regulation can exist without compromising its original vision and values.

to fall into the “China trap” — focusing on regulation aimed at repositioning the way power is distributed within the Internet ecosystem.

to reflect both the values of the Internet and Europe,

has failed to live up to this promise of collaboration with the wider Internet community.

the copyright lobby, big tech or traditional telecommunication providers — and civil society continues to struggle to be heard.

representing different interests

regulatory proposal for the sexual exploitation of children, which will force companies to come up with technologies to scan for such material instead

diverse and constantly evolving community of users and applications.

serving

the Internet’s value

to use upload filters,

anyone

accessible

will oblige Over The Top (OTT) service providers to pay telecoms providers for their infrastructure investment.

it’s not limited to any specific technology or interest group.

the Internet is global, yet Europe very much insists on a notion of digital sovereignty

the Internet’s own values.

Europe’s biggest asset

But by subscribing its own values onto the Internet, Europe is making the same mistake China does: It’s attempting to circumscribe the Internet within its own political, social and cultural confines.

Europe is interested in an Internet based on its own values, with its entire regulatory agenda premised on pluralism and inclusion — both of which promote “strategic sovereignty.”

“Harmonization of the market is key in order to really generate bigger crypto companies in Europe,”

MiCA “will be to crypto what GDPR was to privacy,” he said, referring to groundbreaking EU data protection rules that set the standard for similar laws elsewhere in the world, including California and Brazil.

Authorities feared private digital tokens could end up threatening sovereign currencies like the euro.

Non-fungible tokens (NFTs), which represent ownership in digital properties like art, were excluded from the proposals. The EU Commission has been tasked with determining whether NFTs require their own regime within 18 months.

MiCA will also address environmental concerns surrounding crypto, with firms forced to disclose their energy consumption as well as the impact of digital assets on the environment.

Under the new rules, stablecoins like tether and Circle’s USDC will be required to maintain ample reserves to meet redemption requests in the event of mass withdrawals. Stablecoins that become too large also face being limited to 200 million euros in transactions per day.

The landmark law, known as Markets in Crypto-Assets, or MiCA, is designed to make life tougher for numerous players in the crypto market, including exchanges and issuers of so-called stablecoins, tokens that are meant to be pegged to existing assets like the U.S. dollar.

What’s this meeting for? What’s my role? Can I shorten this meeting by limiting live information sharing and focusing on discussion and decision making?

In Japan, Microsoft’s “Work Life Choice Challenge” adopted a four-day workweek, reduced the time employees spend in meetings—and boosted productivity by 40 percent.

Two-way information sharing during meetings is limited by having attendees review materials in advance, replacing presentations with Q&As

in favor of other mechanisms such as a memo, podcast, or vlog.

when there is an interpretive lens required to understand the information, when that information is particularly sensitive, or when leaders want to ensure there’s ample time to process it and ask questions.

Do employees have space to bring up concerns or dissent? Do they feel that if they make a mistake it will be held against them? Do they feel they can take risks or ask for help? Do they feel others may undermine them? Do employees feel valued for their unique skills and talents?

If employees don’t feel psychologically safe, it will be nearly impossible for leaders and managers to break through disempowering behaviors like constant escalation, hiding problems or risks, and being afraid to ask questions—no matter how skilled they are as coaches.

o improve the coaching skills of managers and help them to create the space and time to coach teams, as opposed to filling out reports, presenting in meetings, and other activities that take time away from driving impact through the work of their teams.

Our research indicates while it is often helpful to involve more people in decision making, not all of them should be deciders—in many cases, just one individual should be the decider (see sidebar “How to define decision rights”).

Exhibit

Interacting is easier than ever, but true, productive, value-creating collaboration is not.

There’s seemingly no excuse to not collaborate.

one such example being a Twitter-like social media project in Cuba, funded by USAID and uncovered by the Associated Press in 2014. 

one such example being a Twitter-like social media project in Cuba, funded by USAID and uncovered by the Associated Press in 2014. 

This question is explored by the Swiss Digital Initi-ative in this study to better understand what trust means from the customer’s perspective. As in the analogue world, trust in the digital space is a complex construct, influenced by context and various factors. It is not only about aspects such as security, but also about reliability and responsibility. And last but not least: trust cannot be mandated – also in the digital world. You have to earn it.

Create videos enriched with interactions

was the opening curtain for Europe’s approach to Internet regulation,

we have never had more technological tools at our disposal to help with crises across the globe, and it would be a travesty for us not to use them.

America and its allies and partners aim to advance peace, protect human rights, promote sustainable development and defend the open internet for the benefit of all

Digital dashboards and data visualisation software can be used to improve peacekeepers’ situational awareness and help missions evaluate and improve their own performance.

the security and the success of UN peacekeeping missions

we must widen access to reliable and affordable internet, accompanied by training in digital literacy and cybersecurity.

connecting those in need with aid workers and humanitarian services

aid of those affected by ongoing crises.

precision farming and ensure the efficient use of resources.

Smart tractors

satellites

to the growing environmental changes that threaten global security.

we should use every tool in our toolbox to alleviate human suffering.

low or no connectivity in rural areas, infrastructure deficits, gender inequality, and a lack of technical skills and literacy that are essential for food systems to deliver on the promise of sustainability and food security

Online platforms can connect farmers and equip them with the latest information about supply chains. Satellite imagery can improve our understanding of weather patterns and crop yields. High-quality seeds and agricultural inputs ensure farmers can produce enough food for everyone.

how technology can boost international peace and security.

Upon reflection, Macron’s speech was the opening curtain for Europe’s approach to Internet regulation, and by pointing his finger at both the United States and China, he made it clear that neither model was fit for the contract he had made with the French people. “We, therefore, need, through regulation, to build this new path where governments, along with Internet players, civil societies and all actors are able to regulate properly,” he declared.

The UN Security Council is an artefact of the cold war. It needs overhauling so it becomes more representative. Africans must have a voice and cease to be passive spectators as global events pummel our continent.

strong external pressure on warring parties to talk and to keep talking until there is a resolution; an internal willingness among all parties to prefer peace to war; and, possibly most important, strong leadership willing to bring the peace process to a conclusion and to accept necessary compromises.

It is nevertheless limited in how much it can charge for its products by the emergence of a new challenger: risc-v. This is a novel chip architecture that lacks royalties and licence fees.

Low prices were one reason why Arm’s technology triumphed over rival chip architectures. New Street reckons that Arm earns royalties of just $1.50 from the sale of a high-end smartphone, for which consumers fork out $1,000 or more. Cheaper gadgets might earn it a few cents.

Simon Segars, who stepped down as Arm’s boss this year, used to describe the firm as the neutral “Switzerland of the tech industry”.

Removing the need to design a chip—a complicated, highly specialised job—has made Arm’s off-the-shelf designs popular, especially as chips have become more and more complicated. New Street Research, a firm of technology analysts, reckons Arm has a 99% share of the $25bn market for smartphone chips. Its products are widely used in everything from drones and washing machines to smart watches and cars. Arm says it has sold just under 2,000 licences since its founding (see chart). More than 225bn chips based on its designs have been shipped. It hopes to hit 1trn by 2035.

Unlike firms such as Intel, which sells chips that it both designs and manufactures, Arm trades only in intellectual property (ip).

Look at Arm’s finances and the interest seems puzzling. Its sales rose by 35% last year to $2.7bn—not bad, but peanuts next to the giants of chip design. Its valuation, as implied by the Nvidia deal, has risen by a quarter in six years. In the same period Qualcomm’s market capitalisation is up by half and Nvidia’s has risen 13-fold, recent market carnage notwithstanding.

Some British politicians argue that Arm is so critical that the government should take a controlling “golden share”.

Deposits with crypto lenders are not insured.

regulators provide a safety-net

the lack of a liquidity backstop to prevent a free-fall in asset prices

bitcoin sank by 25%, partly on fears of contagion.

When the price of one asset falls, the effects cascade through the system.

interconnectedness

there are no established valuation models.

valuations.

Crypto platforms, and the risks they take with their assets, may soon come under regulatory scrutiny.

Recent events have also shown how three weaknesses in crypto can amplify trouble: fuzzy valuations, incestuous relationships and the lack of a liquidity backstop.

Bangladesh’s losses are limited by a piece of blind luck: a destination bank for the stolen money is located on Jupiter Street in Manila, and “Jupiter” happens to be the name of a shipping firm involved with Iran, which trips anti-fraud systems. The stolen Bangladeshi loot is laundered through the vip baccarat tables of a Filipino casino; gangs of money mules pose as high-rollers yet seem oddly bored and listless while placing enormous bets.

wearables, health records, health-related artificial intelligence (ai) and the ultimate challenge of extending human longevity.

as Google Health, which included Google’s other health ventures, and was again dismantled last year

Techno-pharmacopoeia

Alphabet is the fifth-highest-ranking business in the Nature Index, which measures the impact of scientific papers, in the area of life sciences, behind four giant drugmakers and 20 spots ahead of Microsoft, the only other tech giant in the running.

Amazon runs an online pharmacy and its telemedicine services reach just about everywhere in America that its packages do, which is to say most of it. Apple’s smartwatch keeps accruing new health features, most recently a drug-tracking one. Meta has scrapped its own smartwatch plans earlier this year but offers fitness-related fun through its Oculus virtual-reality goggles. Microsoft is expanding its list of health-related cloud-computing offerings (as is Amazon, through aws, its cloud unit).

America’s labyrinthine health-industrial complex consumes 17% of gdp, equivalent to $3.6trn a year.

Advanced economies typically spend about 10% of gdp on keeping their citizens in good nick, a share that is rising as populations age.

in July 2020 of a €750bn ($793bn) fund, known as Next Generation eu (ngeu), which resulted in large transfers of money from richer countries in the union to poorer ones.

divining censors’ thought processes is becoming an ever bigger part of doing business in China.

Mr Wang’s sin may well have been to fail to consider all the possible interpretations of his post.

So do new rules requiring internet platforms to review user comments before they are posted, a draft of which was unveiled on June 17th.

In recent months Chinese authorities have been signalling that their two-year crackdown on the consumer internet—which at its worst lopped some $2trn off the market value of Chinese tech firms, compared with late 2019—was easing

The implication is that societies cope better with turmoil when they have good institutions and the rule of law.

They also find that unrest motivated by socioeconomic factors (such as inflation) is associated with more severe contractions than unrest sparked by political factors (such as a disputed ballot). When the unrest has both political and socioeconomic motivations, the damage to gdp is worst of all. A good example was the rioting that rocked South Africa in 2021, when covid-19 was causing economic hardship and a rogue ex-president was urging his supporters to protest against his being put on trial for corruption. In the quarter when the looting occurred, gdp shrank by 1.5%.

To crush dissent they must divert ever more resources to the security forces and patronage, reducing their capacity to respond to economic shocks.

No one expects protests to get out of hand in China, for example.

Peru had relied on Russia for 70% of its imports of urea, the most commonly used sort. Now farmers struggle to get hold of the stuff, and they are livid.

“no more poor people in a rich country”

Tunisia’s democratic revolution initially went well. But last year the president, Kais Saied, assumed autocratic powers. Falling living standards have turned the country into a powder keg once more.

Sri Lanka gives a taste of how quickly things can spiral out of control

Take Pakistan, where squeezed living standards help explain why in April parliament ousted the prime minister, Imran Khan, with a nod from the army. He has since led mass rallies to get his job back. In India riots erupted over a plan to reduce the number of jobs for life in the army. (When times are hard, people particularly crave job security.)

Some, such as Laos, are on the brink of default. Our model suggests that many countries will see a doubling of the number of “unrest events” in the coming year (see map).

We found that rises in food and fuel prices were a strong portent of political instability, even when controlling for demography and changes in gdp.

The iep calculates that 84 countries have become less peaceful since 2008; only 77 have improved. Its measure of violent protests is up by 50% over the same period. Using a different method—counting mentions in the media of words associated with unrest across 130 countries—the imf estimated in May that social turmoil was near its highest level since the pandemic began.

All around the world, inflation is crushing living standards, stoking fury and fostering turmoil. Vladimir Putin’s invasion of Ukraine has sent prices of food and fuel soaring. Many governments would like to cushion the blow. But, having borrowed heavily during the pandemic and with interest rates rising, many are unable to do so. All this is aggravating pre-existing tensions in many countries and making unrest more likely, says Steve Killelea of the Institute for Economics and Peace (iep), an Australian think-tank.

In all of this, Africa will become even more important both from strategic point of view and for the resources, both natural and human, that it has.

most Europeans seldom did, and over a third had never left their own country.

Mandating how phones are juiced is a case of the eu getting closer to the daily concerns of citizens—but also further from where it can be most useful.

mobile-phone roaming charges

The balance between innovation and purported convenience is incidental here.

Standardising chargers might make sense if they have reached the end-state of their development, like electric plugs.

Whoever invents the best system will have to convince officialdom, not consumers, that it is indeed better.

Standardising chargers might make sense if they have reached the end-state of their development, like electric plugs.

But the eu is in a dirigiste mood these days (the official leading the charge on chargers, Thierry Breton, is the French internal-market commissioner).